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来源:https://segmentfault.com/a/1190000039693056
下拉刷新和上拉加载这两种交互方式通常出现在移动端中
本质上等同于PC网页中的分页,只是交互形式不同
开源社区也有很多优秀的解决方案,如iscroll、better-scroll、pulltorefresh.js库等等
这些第三方库使用起来非常便捷
我们通过原生的方式实现一次上拉加载,下拉刷新,有助于对第三方库有更好的理解与使用
上拉加载及下拉刷新都依赖于用户交互
最重要的是要理解在什么场景,什么时机下触发交互动作
首先可以看一张图
上拉加载的本质是页面触底,或者快要触底时的动作
判断页面触底我们需要先了解一下下面几个属性
综上我们得出一个触底公式:
scrollTop + clientHeight >= scrollHeight
⭐️ 简单实现
let clientHeight = document.documentElement.clientHeight; //浏览器高度
let scrollHeight = document.body.scrollHeight;
let scrollTop = document.documentElement.scrollTop;
let distance = 50; //距离视窗还用50的时候,开始触发;
if ((scrollTop + clientHeight) >= (scrollHeight - distance)) {
console.log("开始加载数据");
}
下拉刷新的本质是页面本身置于顶部时,用户下拉时需要触发的动作
关于下拉刷新的原生实现,主要分成三步:
e.touches[0].pageY
;举个例子:
Html结构如下:
<main>
<p class="refreshText"></p>
<ul id="refreshContainer">
<li>111</li>
<li>222</li>
<li>333</li>
<li>444</li>
<li>555</li>
...
</ul>
</main>
监听touchstart事件,记录初始的值
var _element = document.getElementById('refreshContainer'),
_refreshText = document.querySelector('.refreshText'),
_startPos = 0, // 初始的值
_transitionHeight = 0; // 移动的距离
_element.addEventListener('touchstart', function(e) {
_startPos = e.touches[0].pageY; // 记录初始位置
_element.style.position = 'relative';
_element.style.transition = 'transform 0s';
}, false);
监听touchmove移动事件,记录滑动差值
_element.addEventListener('touchmove', function(e) {
// e.touches[0].pageY 当前位置
_transitionHeight = e.touches[0].pageY - _startPos; // 记录差值
if (_transitionHeight > 0 && _transitionHeight < 60) {
_refreshText.innerText = '下拉刷新';
_element.style.transform = 'translateY('+_transitionHeight+'px)';
if (_transitionHeight > 55) {
_refreshText.innerText = '释放更新';
}
}
}, false);
最后,就是监听touchend离开的事件
_element.addEventListener('touchend', function(e) {
_element.style.transition = 'transform 0.5s ease 1s';
_element.style.transform = 'translateY(0px)';
_refreshText.innerText = '更新中...';
// todo...
}, false);
从上面可以看到,在下拉到松手的过程中,经历了三个阶段:
在实际开发中,我们更多的是使用第三方库,下面以better-scroll进行举例:
HTML结构
<div id="position-wrapper">
<div>
<p class="refresh">下拉刷新</p>
<div class="position-list">
<!--列表内容-->
</div>
<p class="more">查看更多</p>
</div>
</div>
实例化上拉下拉插件,通过use来注册插件
import BScroll from "@better-scroll/core";
import PullDown from "@better-scroll/pull-down";
import PullUp from '@better-scroll/pull-up';
BScroll.use(PullDown);
BScroll.use(PullUp);
实例化BetterScroll,并传入相关的参数
let pageNo = 1,pageSize = 10,dataList = [],isMore = true;
var scroll= new BScroll("#position-wrapper",{
scrollY:true,//垂直方向滚动
click:true,//默认会阻止浏览器的原生click事件,如果需要点击,这里要设为true
pullUpLoad:true,//上拉加载更多
pullDownRefresh:{
threshold:50,//触发pullingDown事件的位置
stop:0//下拉回弹后停留的位置
}
});
//监听下拉刷新
scroll.on("pullingDown",pullingDownHandler);
//监测实时滚动
scroll.on("scroll",scrollHandler);
//上拉加载更多
scroll.on("pullingUp",pullingUpHandler);
async function pullingDownHandler(){
dataList=[];
pageNo=1;
isMore=true;
$(".more").text("查看更多");
await getlist();//请求数据
scroll.finishPullDown();//每次下拉结束后,需要执行这个操作
scroll.refresh();//当滚动区域的dom结构有变化时,需要执行这个操作
}
async function pullingUpHandler(){
if(!isMore){
$(".more").text("没有更多数据了");
scroll.finishPullUp();//每次上拉结束后,需要执行这个操作
return;
}
pageNo++;
await this.getlist();//请求数据
scroll.finishPullUp();//每次上拉结束后,需要执行这个操作
scroll.refresh();//当滚动区域的dom结构有变化时,需要执行这个操作
}
function scrollHandler(){
if(this.y>50) $('.refresh').text("松手开始加载");
else $('.refresh').text("下拉刷新");
}
function getlist(){
//返回的数据
let result=....;
dataList=dataList.concat(result);
//判断是否已加载完
if(result.length<pageSize) isMore=false;
//将dataList渲染到html内容中
}
注意点:
使用better-scroll 实现下拉刷新、上拉加载时要注意以下几点:
new BScroll()
refresh()
finishPullUp()
或者finishPullDown()
,否则将不会执行下次操作better-scroll
,默认会阻止浏览器的原生click事件,如果滚动内容区要添加点击事件,需要在实例化属性里设置click:true
下拉刷新、上拉加载原理本身都很简单,真正复杂的是封装过程中,要考虑的兼容性、易用性、性能等诸多细节
<template>
<div class="yo-scroll" :class="{ 'down': (state === 0), 'up': (state == 1), refresh: (state === 2), touch: touching }"
@touchstart="touchStart($event)" @touchmove="touchMove($event)" @touchend="touchEnd($event)"
@scroll="(onInfinite || infiniteLoading) ? onScroll($event) : undefined">
<section class="inner" :style="{ transform: 'translate3d(0, ' + top + 'px, 0)' }">
<header class="pull-refresh">
<slot name="pull-refresh">
<span class="down-tip">下拉更新</span>
<span class="up-tip">松开更新</span>
<span class="refresh-tip">更新中</span>
</slot>
</header>
<slot></slot>
<footer class="load-more" v-show="!isDone">
<slot name="load-more">
<span>加载中……</span>
</slot>
</footer>
</section>
</div>
</template>
<script>
export default {
props: {
offset: {
type: Number,
default: 40
},
enableInfinite: {
type: Boolean,
default: true
},
enableRefresh: {
type: Boolean,
default: true
},
onRefresh: {
type: Function,
default: undefined,
required: false
},
onInfinite: {
type: Function,
default: undefined,
require: false
},
isDone: {
type: Boolean,
default: false
}
},
data() {
return {
top: 0,
state: 0,
startY: 0,
touching: false,
infiniteLoading: false
}
},
methods: {
touchStart(e) {
this.startY = e.targetTouches[0].pageY
this.startScroll = this.$el.scrollTop || 0
this.touching = true
},
touchMove(e) {
if (!this.enableRefresh || this.$el.scrollTop > 0 || !this.touching) {
return
}
let diff = e.targetTouches[0].pageY - this.startY - this.startScroll
if (diff > 0) e.preventDefault()
this.top = Math.pow(diff, 0.8) + (this.state === 2 ? this.offset : 0)
if (this.state === 2) { // in refreshing
return
}
if (this.top >= this.offset) {
this.state = 1
} else {
this.state = 0
}
},
touchEnd(e) {
if (!this.enableRefresh) return
this.touching = false
if (this.state === 2) { // in refreshing
this.state = 2
this.top = this.offset
return
}
if (this.top >= this.offset) { // do refresh
this.refresh()
} else { // cancel refresh
this.state = 0
this.top = 0
}
},
refresh() {
this.state = 2
this.top = this.offset
this.onRefresh(this.refreshDone)
},
refreshDone() {
this.state = 0
this.top = 0
},
infinite() {
this.infiniteLoading = true
this.onInfinite(this.infiniteDone)
},
infiniteDone() {
this.infiniteLoading = false
},
onScroll(e) {
if (!this.enableInfinite || this.infiniteLoading) {
return
}
let outerHeight = this.$el.clientHeight
let innerHeight = this.$el.querySelector('.inner').clientHeight
let scrollTop = this.$el.scrollTop
let ptrHeight = this.onRefresh ? this.$el.querySelector('.pull-refresh').clientHeight : 0
let infiniteHeight = this.$el.querySelector('.load-more').clientHeight
let bottom = innerHeight - outerHeight - scrollTop - ptrHeight
if (bottom < infiniteHeight) this.infinite()
}
}
}
</script>
<style>
.yo-scroll {
position: absolute;
top: 2.5rem;
right: 0;
bottom: 0;
left: 0;
overflow: auto;
-webkit-overflow-scrolling: touch;
background-color: #ddd
}
.yo-scroll .inner {
position: absolute;
top: -2rem;
width: 100%;
transition-duration: 300ms;
}
.yo-scroll .pull-refresh {
position: relative;
left: 0;
top: 0;
width: 100%;
height: 2rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
.yo-scroll.touch .inner {
transition-duration: 0ms;
}
.yo-scroll.down .down-tip {
display: block;
}
.yo-scroll.up .up-tip {
display: block;
}
.yo-scroll.refresh .refresh-tip {
display: block;
}
.yo-scroll .down-tip,
.yo-scroll .refresh-tip,
.yo-scroll .up-tip {
display: none;
}
.yo-scroll .load-more {
height: 3rem;
display: flex;
align-items: center;
justify-content: center;
}
</style>
export default class MockDataService {
constructor(totalItems = 1000) {
this.totalItems = totalItems;
this.data = this.generateData(totalItems);
}
// 生成模拟数据
generateData(totalItems) {
const data = [];
for (let i = 1; i <= totalItems; i++) {
data.push({
id: i,
name: `Item ${i}`,
description: `Description for item ${i}`
});
}
return data;
}
// 根据 pageIndex 和 pageSize 分页获取数据
getPaginatedData(pageIndex = 1, pageSize = 10) {
const startIndex = (pageIndex - 1) * pageSize;
const endIndex = startIndex + pageSize;
const paginatedData = this.data.slice(startIndex, endIndex);
return {
pageIndex,
pageSize,
totalItems: this.totalItems,
totalPages: Math.ceil(this.totalItems / pageSize),
data: paginatedData
};
}
}
<template>
<div>
<v-scroll :on-refresh="onRefresh" :on-infinite="onInfinite" :isDone="pagination.isDone">
<div class="card" v-for="item of list" :key="item.id">
<div class="title">{{ item.name }}</div>
</div>
</v-scroll>
</div>
</template>
<script setup>
import { ref, reactive, onMounted } from "vue";
import VScroll from './Scroll.vue';
import MockDataService from "./mock.js";
// 实例化 MockDataService 并生成 1000 条数据
const mockService = new MockDataService(42);
const list = ref([]);
const pagination = reactive({
pageIndex: 1,
pageSize: 20,
isDone: false,
});
const loadMore = async () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
const data = mockService.getPaginatedData(pagination.pageIndex, pagination.pageSize);
resolve(data);
}, 500);
});
}
const refresh = async () => {
return new Promise((resolve, reject) => {
setTimeout(() => {
pagination.pageIndex = 1;
const data = mockService.getPaginatedData(pagination.pageIndex, pagination.pageSize);
resolve(data);
}, 500);
});
}
const loadData = async () => {
pagination.isDone = false;
const data = await refresh();
list.value = data.data;
if (pagination.pageIndex === data.totalPages) {
pagination.isDone = true;
}
}
onMounted(async () => {
loadData();
});
const onRefresh = async (done) => {
await loadData();
done();
}
const onInfinite = async (done) => {
if (pagination.isDone) {
done();
return;
}
pagination.pageIndex++;
const data = await loadMore();
list.value.push(...data.data);
if (pagination.pageIndex === data.totalPages) {
pagination.isDone = true;
}
done();
}
</script>
<style>
* { padding: 0; margin: 0; list-style: none; }
.container { width: 100vw; height: 100vh; background: lightblue; overflow-y: auto; }
.card { height: 200px; width: 100%; border: 1px solid; box-sizing: border-box; }
</style>